Ampk metabolic activator11/30/2023 AMP-activated protein kinase mediates VEGF-stimulated endothelial NO production. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by vascular endothelial growth factor mediates endothelial angiogenesis independently of nitric-oxide synthase. Hunger states switch a flip-flop memory circuit via a synaptic AMPK-dependent positive feedback loop. The Ca 2+/calmoldulin-dependent protein kinase kinases are AMP-activated protein kinase kinases. Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-β acts upstream of AMP-activated protein kinase in mammalian cells. Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-β is an alternative upstream kinase for AMP-activated protein kinase. 5′-AMP activates the AMP-activated protein kinase cascade, and Ca 2+/calmodulin activates the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I cascade, via three independent mechanisms. Use of cells expressing gamma subunit variants to identify diverse mechanisms of AMPK activation. AMP-activated protein kinase: the energy charge hypothesis revisited. Adenylate kinase and metabolic signaling in cancer cells. Personalized phosphoproteomics identifies functional signaling. AMPK phosphorylation of raptor mediates a metabolic checkpoint. TSC2 mediates cellular energy response to control cell growth and survival. An AMPKα2-specific phospho-switch controls lysosomal targeting for activation. mTORC1 directly inhibits AMPK to promote cell proliferation under nutrient stress. Inhibition of AMPK catabolic action by GSK3. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1-mediated AMPK phosphorylation regulates chromosome alignment and mitotic progression. AMPKα2 activation by an energy-independent signal ensures chromosomal stability during mitosis. AMPK phosphorylates GBF1 for mitotic Golgi disassembly. Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase by multisite phosphorylation in response to agents that elevate cellular cAMP. Insulin antagonizes ischemia-induced Thr172 phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase α-subunits in heart via hierarchical phosphorylation of Ser485/491. Phosphorylation by Akt within the ST loop of AMPK-α1 down-regulates its activation in tumour cells. Coordinated regulation of AMPK activity by multiple elements in the α-subunit. MicroRNA-451 exacerbates lipotoxicity in cardiac myocytes and high-fat diet-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice through suppression of the LKB1/AMPK pathway. miR-106a regulates cell proliferation and autophagy by targeting LKB1 in HPV-16-associated cervical cancer. Repression of LKB1 by miR-17-92 sensitizes MYC-dependent lymphoma to biguanide treatment. Tankyrase disrupts metabolic homeostasis and promotes tumorigenesis by inhibiting LKB1–AMPK signalling. Activity of LKB1 and AMPK-related kinases in skeletal muscle: effects of contraction, phenformin, and AICAR. Complexes between the LKB1 tumor suppressor, STRADα/β and MO25α/β are upstream kinases in the AMP-activated protein kinase cascade. The tumor suppressor LKB1 kinase directly activates AMP-activated kinase and regulates apoptosis in response to energy stress. LKB1 is the upstream kinase in the AMP-activated protein kinase cascade. Comparison with previous crystal structures of active heterotrimers, with AMP at CBS3 and Thr172 phosphorylated, reveals a dramatic conformational change. This work reports the first structure, achieved using cryo-EM, of an inactive AMPK heterotrimer with an ATP analogue bound at CBS3 and Thr172 in a dephosphorylated state. Structure of an AMPK complex in an inactive, ATP-bound state. ![]() Deconvoluting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) adenine nucleotide binding and sensing. AMPK structure and regulation from three angles. Structural basis for AMP binding to mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase. Structure of mammalian AMPK and its regulation by ADP. CBS domains form energy-sensing modules whose binding of adenosine ligands is disrupted by disease mutations. CBS domains: structure, function, and pathology in human proteins. Structural basis of AMPK regulation by adenine nucleotides and glycogen. Structural insight into the autoinhibition mechanism of AMP-activated protein kinase. Embryonic expression of AMPK gamma subunits and the identification of a novel γ2 transcript variant in adult heart. AMPK functions as an adenylate charge-regulated protein kinase. AMP-activated protein kinase: a cellular energy sensor that comes in 12 flavours. AMPK: sensing glucose as well as cellular energy status. AMPK: restoring metabolic homeostasis over space and time. AMPK and TOR: the Yin and Yang of cellular nutrient sensing and growth control. AMP-activated protein kinase: the current landscape for drug development.
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